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Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
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Published on: June 16, 2014

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A Study of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Chronic Kidney

Naveen Kumar Koppara1, Kusuma Kumari Medooru2, Lakshmi Amancharla Yadagiri3

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Indian Journal of Nephrology
|January 4, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients show higher oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction markers compared to non-diabetic CKD patients. These factors contribute to increased atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk in diabetic CKD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Nephrology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction are key factors in atherosclerosis.
  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with elevated markers of these processes, increasing cardiovascular risk.
  • Diabetic CKD patients exhibit a heightened risk profile compared to non-diabetic CKD patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction in pre-dialysis CKD patients with and without diabetes.
  • To assess the impact of diabetes on atherosclerosis development in CKD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Observational study of 120 pre-dialysis CKD patients (60 diabetic, 60 non-diabetic).
  • Measurement of blood markers for oxidative stress (MDA, FRAP, PON-1, IMA), inflammation (IL-6, hsCRP), and endothelial dysfunction (NO, CIMT).
  • Statistical comparison using unpaired t-test, Mann-Whitney test, and chi-squared test.

Main Results:

  • Diabetic CKD patients had significantly higher levels of MDA, IMA, IL-6, hsCRP, NO, and CIMT compared to non-diabetic CKD patients (P < 0.001).
  • FRAP and PON-1 levels were significantly lower in the diabetic group.
  • The prevalence of atherosclerotic plaques was significantly higher in diabetic CKD patients.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetic CKD pre-dialysis patients exhibit significantly increased oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction.
  • These findings indicate a substantially elevated cardiovascular risk in diabetic CKD patients, particularly in later stages.
  • Diabetes exacerbates the progression of atherosclerosis in CKD patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
Atherosclerosischronic kidney diseaseendothelial dysfunctioninflammationoxidative stress

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