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[Influenza-associated acute necrotizing encephalitis: unknown makes undertreated?]
Roel L N Huijsmans1, Annemarije Braber1, Christiaan Fokke2
1Gelre ziekenhuizen, Apeldoorn en Zutphen. Afd. Intensive Care.
Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde
|January 4, 2024
Summary
Influenza-associated acute necrotizing encephalitis (ANE) is a rare but severe complication of influenza. Early MRI and corticosteroid treatment are recommended for patients with neurological symptoms during influenza infection.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Influenza-associated acute necrotizing encephalitis (ANE) is a rare but severe neurological complication of influenza.
- It can lead to significant morbidity and mortality if not promptly diagnosed and treated.
Observation:
- A 48-year-old male presented with fever, malaise, confusion, and altered mental status, later developing convulsions and coma.
- Diagnostic workup revealed influenza A infection, generalized EEG slowing, characteristic bilateral thalamic and basal ganglia MRI findings, and confirmed influenza in cerebrospinal fluid.
Findings:
- The patient was diagnosed with influenza-associated acute necrotizing encephalitis based on clinical presentation, EEG, MRI, and CSF analysis.
- The case highlights the diagnostic challenges and rapid progression of this rare condition.
Implications:
- Early consideration of MRI in influenza patients with neurological symptoms is crucial for timely diagnosis of ANE.
- Prompt treatment with corticosteroids may improve outcomes in patients with influenza-associated acute necrotizing encephalitis.
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