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Self-determined sequence exercise program for elderly with sarcopenia: A Randomized controlled trial with clinical

Shichun He1, Meiqi Wei1, Deyu Meng1

  • 1Chinese Center of Exercise Epidemiology, Northeast Normal University, Renmin Street, Changchun, 130024, Jilin, China.

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Summary

A novel self-determined sequence exercise program significantly improved muscle mass and grip strength in older adults, effectively reversing sarcopenia. This combined approach outperformed single-modality exercises for better skeletal muscle health.

Keywords:
Chinese traditional exerciseExercise interventionExplainable machine learningMarkov chainSarcopenia

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Sarcopenia Research

Background:

  • Sarcopenia, a progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, significantly impacts elderly individuals' health and independence.
  • Current interventions for sarcopenia often involve single exercise modalities, with varying degrees of effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a novel self-determined sequence exercise program (SDSG) for improving and potentially reversing sarcopenia in older adults.
  • To compare the effectiveness of the SDSG against a traditional strength training group (STG) and a control group (CG).

Main Methods:

  • Ninety-four community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia were randomized into three groups: SDSG, STG, or CG for 24 weeks.
  • Interventions included strength training, Yijinjing exercise, and hybrid training within the SDSG.
  • Key outcomes measured included L3 skeletal muscle fat density, L3 skeletal muscle fat area, L3 skeletal muscle density, L3 skeletal muscle area, muscle fat infiltration, relative skeletal muscle mass index (RSMI), and grip strength.

Main Results:

  • Significant improvements in grip strength, RSMI, L3 skeletal muscle fat area (L3 SMFA), and L3 skeletal muscle area (L3 SMA) were observed in both SDSG and STG participants.
  • The SDSG demonstrated significantly greater improvements in RSMI and grip strength compared to both the STG and CG.
  • The SDSG showed superior performance in reversing sarcopenia and enhancing skeletal muscle area in older adults.

Conclusions:

  • The self-determined sequence exercise program is an effective intervention for reversing sarcopenia and improving skeletal muscle health in the elderly.
  • This multi-component exercise approach offers advantages over single-modality training for sarcopenia management.
  • Machine learning models, specifically stacking models, show feasibility in predicting sarcopenia reversal in older adults.