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James Clerk Maxwell formulated a single theory combining all the electric and magnetic effects scientists knew during that time, calling the phenomena his theory predicted “Electromagnetic waves”. He brought together all the work that had been done by brilliant physicists such as Oersted, Coulomb, Gauss, and Faraday and added his own insights to develop the overarching theory of electromagnetism. Maxwell’s equations, combined with the Lorentz force law, encompass all the laws...
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Evanescent Field Based Photoacoustics: Optical Property Evaluation at Surfaces
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Optomechanical effects caused by non-zero field quantities in multiple evanescent waves.

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    Evanescent waves enable novel optical scattering forces, controllable by polarization, and constant gradient forces for larger particles. This advances near-field particle manipulation techniques.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Nanotechnology
    • Soft Matter Physics

    Background:

    • Evanescent waves possess high energy density and unique momentum properties, making them crucial for near-field particle manipulation.
    • Understanding scattering and gradient forces is essential for refining optical manipulation capabilities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To derive analytical expressions for scattering and gradient forces on spheres in multiple evanescent waves.
    • To investigate unusual optomechanical phenomena arising from these forces.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing multipole expansion theory.
    • Analyzing forces on isotropic spheres of arbitrary size and composition in multiple evanescent waves.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated the emergence of scattering force in counter-propagating evanescent waves due to orbital momentum (OM) and imaginary Poynting momentum (IPM) density.
    • Showcased polarization-tunable optical scattering force.
    • Observed gradient force becoming spatially constant for larger particles in evanescent wave interference fields, attributed to energy density gradients.

    Conclusions:

    • Established a theoretical framework for optical forces in multiple evanescent waves.
    • Highlighted potential for enhanced trapping efficiency through precise control of scattering and gradient forces.
    • Paved the way for advanced optical manipulation techniques using evanescent waves.