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Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
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Powerful 1-µm 1-GHz optical frequency comb.

Michael Müller, Marin Hamrouni, Kenichi N Komagata

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    PubMed
    Summary

    A new optical frequency comb using ytterbium-doped CALGO delivers high average power (3.5 W) and short pulses (44 fs). This robust laser source operates at a 1 GHz repetition rate, enabling advanced applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Laser physics
    • Nonlinear optics
    • Frequency metrology

    Background:

    • Optical frequency combs are crucial for precise frequency measurements.
    • Kerr-lens mode-locking (KLM) is a powerful technique for generating ultrashort laser pulses.
    • Developing compact and robust KLM sources with high repetition rates is an ongoing challenge.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a self-referenced optical frequency comb based on KLM in ytterbium-doped CALGO.
    • To achieve a high repetition rate (GHz-level) for the generated optical frequency comb.
    • To characterize the power, pulse duration, timing jitter, and phase noise of the comb.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized Kerr-lens mode-locking in a ytterbium-doped Calcium Lithium Germanate (Yb:CALGO) crystal.
    • Employed a multi-mode pumping scheme to achieve stable mode-locking at a high repetition rate.
    • Characterized the output using power meters, autocorrelators, and frequency domain noise analysis.

    Main Results:

    • Generated a robust optical frequency comb with 3.5 W average power and 44 fs pulse duration.
    • Achieved a 1 GHz repetition rate with residual root-mean-square timing jitter of 146 fs.
    • Measured residual integrated phase noise of the carrier-envelope offset frequency at 107 mrad (1 Hz to 10 MHz span).
    • Obtained 2.7 W of stabilized average power suitable for direct application.

    Conclusions:

    • Successfully demonstrated the first multi-mode pumped Kerr-lens mode-locked optical frequency comb at a gigahertz repetition rate.
    • The developed Yb:CALGO laser source offers a robust and high-performance platform for various applications requiring precise frequency standards.
    • The high average power and stabilized output pave the way for practical implementation in fields like spectroscopy and optical communications.