Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Protein Complex Assembly02:41

Protein Complex Assembly

10.6K
Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types.  Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
10.6K
Clathrin Coated Vesicles01:12

Clathrin Coated Vesicles

7.0K
Clathrin-coated vesicles use endocytosis to transport receptors and lysosomal hydrolases from the Golgi to the lysosome in the late secretory pathway. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was the first described endocytic process, and Clathrin-coated vesicles remain one of the most well-studied transport vesicles. The molecular machinery that generates clathrin-coated vesicles comprises over 50 proteins that precisely coordinate vesicle formation. Cell surface receptors concentrated in indented sites...
7.0K
Coat Assembly and GTPases01:33

Coat Assembly and GTPases

3.5K
Vesicles incorporate different coat protein subunits in different cell locations, which changes the properties of the coat, such as the shape and geometry of the transport vesicles. Thus, vesicle coat proteins also play a significant role in cargo selection.
Coat assembly depends on the local availability of phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs and GTP-binding proteins. Adaptor proteins, which link the coat proteins to the membrane, bind to these PIPs and play a crucial role in controlling...
3.5K
COP Coated Vesicles00:59

COP Coated Vesicles

7.8K
Membrane-enclosed structures called vesicles transport proteins and lipids across the cell. The vesicles derive their cargo from the plasma membrane, Golgi, ER, or endosome. Coated vesicles are spherical, protein-coated carriers with a 50–100 nm diameter that mediate bidirectional transport between the ER and the Golgi. The distribution of proteins between the ER and Golgi complex is dynamic and is maintained by different coated vesicles. Their formation is driven by the assembly of...
7.8K
Nuclear Protein Sorting01:34

Nuclear Protein Sorting

4.6K
Nuclear protein sorting is the selective trafficking of histones, polymerases, gene regulatory proteins into the nucleus and exporting RNAs and ribosomes to the cytosol. It is a tightly controlled process that regulates gene expression within a cell.
Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry nuclear localization signals or NLS recognized by import receptors in the cytosol. Similarly, proteins with nuclear export signals are recognized by export receptors. Import and export receptors are...
4.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Membrane protein solubilization and structure determination using de novo-designed proteins.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

BCL6 is required for the development of functionally responsive IgM+ GC Tfh-independent memory B cells.

The Journal of experimental medicine·2026
Same author

De novo design of miniproteins targeting GPCRs.

Nature·2026
Same author

Redesign of TALE proteins for DNA-templated assembly of protein fibers.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Computational design of membrane fusion proteins.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Mannosylated nanoparticle immunogens enhance the circumsporozoite protein-specific B cell response and improve protection against sporozoite challenge.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2025

Directed Assembly of Elastin-like Proteins into defined Supramolecular Structures and Cargo Encapsulation In Vitro
10:01

Directed Assembly of Elastin-like Proteins into defined Supramolecular Structures and Cargo Encapsulation In Vitro

Published on: April 8, 2020

5.9K

Macromolecular Cargo Encapsulation via In Vitro Assembly of Two-Component Protein Nanoparticles.

Karla-Luise Herpoldt1,2, Ciana L López3, Isaac Sappington1,2

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.

Advanced Healthcare Materials
|January 5, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Computationally designed protein nanoparticles self-assemble to encapsulate RNA and protect it from degradation. Co-delivery of antigen and adjuvant via these nanoparticles enhances immune responses.

Keywords:
RAFTRNA deliverycomputational protein designencapsulationpolymer prodrugprotein nanomaterialsself‐assemblytargeted deliveryvaccine adjuvants

More Related Videos

Rapid, Scalable Assembly and Loading of Bioactive Proteins and Immunostimulants into Diverse Synthetic Nanocarriers Via Flash Nanoprecipitation
06:57

Rapid, Scalable Assembly and Loading of Bioactive Proteins and Immunostimulants into Diverse Synthetic Nanocarriers Via Flash Nanoprecipitation

Published on: August 11, 2018

7.9K
Author Spotlight: Tackling Challenges in Synthetic Cell Engineering
10:56

Author Spotlight: Tackling Challenges in Synthetic Cell Engineering

Published on: April 12, 2024

1.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 6, 2025

Directed Assembly of Elastin-like Proteins into defined Supramolecular Structures and Cargo Encapsulation In Vitro
10:01

Directed Assembly of Elastin-like Proteins into defined Supramolecular Structures and Cargo Encapsulation In Vitro

Published on: April 8, 2020

5.9K
Rapid, Scalable Assembly and Loading of Bioactive Proteins and Immunostimulants into Diverse Synthetic Nanocarriers Via Flash Nanoprecipitation
06:57

Rapid, Scalable Assembly and Loading of Bioactive Proteins and Immunostimulants into Diverse Synthetic Nanocarriers Via Flash Nanoprecipitation

Published on: August 11, 2018

7.9K
Author Spotlight: Tackling Challenges in Synthetic Cell Engineering
10:56

Author Spotlight: Tackling Challenges in Synthetic Cell Engineering

Published on: April 12, 2024

1.1K

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Protein nanoparticles offer potential for targeted drug delivery.
  • Computational design enables precise control over nanoparticle structure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the use of a computationally designed, two-component, icosahedral protein nanoparticle for encapsulating macromolecular cargoes.
  • To evaluate the protective capabilities and immunogenicity of these engineered nanoparticles.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro self-assembly of a two-component protein nanoparticle system.
  • Encapsulation of single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) molecules of varying lengths.
  • Enzymatic degradation assays to assess cargo protection.
  • Immunogenicity studies involving co-delivery of antigen and adjuvant via nanoparticles.

Main Results:

  • Successful encapsulation of ssRNA (200-2500 nucleotides) with protection from degradation for up to one month.
  • Length-dependent decay rates observed for encapsulated ssRNA.
  • Co-delivery of antigen and adjuvant using nanoparticles resulted in a >20-fold increase in humoral immune responses.
  • Minimized systemic cytokine secretion compared to free adjuvant administration.

Conclusions:

  • Computationally designed protein nanoparticles provide a versatile platform for in vitro cargo encapsulation.
  • These nanoparticles effectively protect encapsulated RNA and enhance immune responses through co-delivery of antigen and adjuvant.
  • This technology paves the way for next-generation therapeutic nanoparticles combining multiple drug classes.