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Alcohol and traumatic brain damage.

F P Nath, G Beastal, G M Teasdale

    Injury
    |May 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Alcohol consumption does not worsen outcomes for patients with severe head injuries admitted to neurosurgical units. Coma in these patients is primarily caused by the injury itself, not blood alcohol levels.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Trauma Surgery
    • Toxicology

    Background:

    • Alcohol consumption is common in head-injured patients.
    • Previous research suggests alcohol may worsen traumatic brain injury (TBI).

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of blood alcohol levels on outcomes in recently head-injured patients.
    • To determine if alcohol potentiates brain damage after head injury.

    Main Methods:

    • Study included 38 consecutive head-injured patients admitted to the Glasgow Neurosurgical Unit.
    • Measured conscious level, blood alcohol, and serum creatine kinase BB (CKBB) on admission.
    • CKBB was measured using radioimmunoassay.

    Main Results:

    • Conscious level strongly correlated with patient outcome (chi 2 = 11.678, P < 0.001).
    • Serum CKBB levels also correlated significantly with outcome (chi 2 = 8.333, P < 0.01).
    • Blood alcohol level did not show a significant correlation with outcome.

    Conclusions:

    • In severe head injury cases admitted to neurosurgical units, coma is more likely due to the injury than alcohol intoxication.
    • Alcohol consumption does not appear to adversely affect outcomes in this patient population.

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