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Spontaneous Murine Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer

Spontaneous Murine Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer

Published on: February 3, 2023

Combinatorial Hypofractionated Radiotherapy and Pembrolizumab in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer.

Janice Ser Huey Tan¹, Timothy Kwang Yong Tay², Enya Hui Wen Ong³

¹J Tan, Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.

European Thyroid Journal

|January 5, 2024

Summary

This study explored combining immunotherapy (pembrolizumab) with radiation therapy (QUAD-shot RT) for anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC). The treatment showed promising response rates and was well-tolerated, suggesting potential for long-term survival in ATC patients.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Immunotherapy
Radiation Oncology

Background:

Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is highly aggressive with poor prognosis.
Existing therapies for ATC have limited efficacy and are associated with treatment resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combined regimen of pembrolizumab immunotherapy and hypofractionated radiotherapy (QUAD-shot RT) for ATC.
To assess the immune response to this combinatorial treatment in a responder.

Main Methods:

A case series of 5 ATC patients received QUAD-shot RT and pembrolizumab.
Pembrolizumab was administered every 3-4 weeks until progression or 24 months.
Immune profiling of circulating T cells was performed in one responder.

Main Results:

At a median follow-up of 32.6 months, 80% overall response rate (2 CR, 2 PR) was observed in 5 patients.
Two complete responders remained disease-free.
Median progression-free survival was 7.6 months; 1-year PFS and OS rates were 40%.

Conclusions:

The combination of QUAD-shot RT and pembrolizumab demonstrated significant activity in advanced ATC.
Two patients achieved long-term survival, suggesting a potential synergistic effect of local and systemic treatments.
This regimen warrants further investigation in a larger patient cohort.