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Differences in Pain Experience Among Different Racial and Ethnic Groups.
Elizabeth Lane1, Chris Barnes2, Julie M Fritz3
1Department of Physical Therapy & Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Physical Therapy
|January 5, 2024
Summary
Race influences how pain catastrophizing and self-efficacy affect pain intensity in individuals with chronic spinal pain. These psychological factors have differential impacts based on race, impacting pain management strategies.
Area of Science:
- Pain Management
- Health Disparities
- Psychology of Pain
Background:
- Race-based disparities in pain management persist.
- Understanding mediating and moderating factors is crucial for equitable care.
- Chronic spinal pain affects diverse populations undergoing physical therapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate pain catastrophizing and self-efficacy as mediators of race-based differences in pain intensity.
- To examine the moderating role of race on the relationship between pain catastrophizing/self-efficacy and pain outcomes.
- To inform targeted interventions for chronic spinal pain patients.
Main Methods:
- Secondary analysis of a cluster-randomized trial involving 274 participants with chronic spinal pain.
- Mediation analyses assessed the role of pain catastrophizing and self-efficacy in race-pain intensity associations.
- Moderation analyses used multiple linear regression to evaluate race's role in pain outcome relationships.
Main Results:
- Black participants reported higher baseline pain intensity compared to non-Hispanic White participants.
- Both pain catastrophizing and self-efficacy mediated the relationship between race and baseline pain intensity.
- Race moderated the association between pain catastrophizing/self-efficacy and 12-week pain intensity.
Conclusions:
- Pain catastrophizing and self-efficacy have distinct effects on pain intensity that vary by race.
- These findings highlight the need to consider race in pain management strategies.
- Addressing race-related differences in pain perception can help reduce health disparities.
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