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Basic carbohydrate counting and glycemia in young people with type 1 diabetes in India: A randomized controlled trial

Ambica Tandon1, Eshita Bhowmik1, Zebish Ali1

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.

Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.)
|January 5, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Basic carbohydrate counting (BCC) did not significantly improve glycemic control in children and young adults with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). However, BCC was perceived as more acceptable and offered flexibility in food choices and insulin adjustment.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) management in pediatric populations requires effective nutritional strategies.
  • Glycemic control is crucial for preventing long-term complications in T1DM.
  • Nutritional education plays a vital role in self-management of T1DM.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of basic carbohydrate counting (BCC) on glycemic control in children and young adults with T1DM.
  • To assess the acceptability of BCC compared to routine nutrition education (RNE).

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 92 participants (6-25 years) with T1DM.
  • Intervention groups received either BCC with personalized portion size education or RNE.
  • Glycemic control was assessed using continuous glucose monitoring and HbA1c levels over 12 weeks.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in time-in-range was observed between BCC and RNE groups.
  • HbA1c showed a significant decrease in a subgroup of participants with higher maternal education in the BCC group.
  • The BCC group reported higher overall acceptability of the nutritional approach.

Conclusions:

  • BCC offers flexibility in food choices and perceived ease of insulin adjustment for T1DM management in young individuals.
  • While not superior to RNE in overall glycemic control, BCC may benefit specific subgroups.
  • Further research with larger cohorts is warranted to explore potential benefits in certain populations.
Abstract

Keywords:
Carbohydrate exchangeContinuous glucose monitoringMedical nutrition therapyTime in rangeType 1 diabetes

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