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Updated: Jul 6, 2025

A Comparative Study of Drug Delivery Methods Targeted to the Mouse Inner Ear: Bullostomy Versus Transtympanic Injection

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Extracellular vesicles for developing targeted hearing loss therapy.

Xiaoshu Pan¹, Yanjun Li², Peixin Huang³

¹Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States.

Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society

|January 5, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) show promise for treating hearing loss. Bioengineering and AI enhance inner ear delivery of these natural nanoparticles for therapeutic applications.

Keywords:

Exosomes Extracellular vesicles Hearing loss Inner ear tissue Targeted delivery

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Regenerative Medicine
Otolaryngology

Background:

Hearing loss is a significant health issue, often treated with local drug delivery.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as promising natural therapeutic agents for hearing impairment.
Current treatments face challenges in targeted delivery and efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the therapeutic potential of extracellular vesicles (EVs) for hearing loss.
To explore advancements in bioengineering and AI for EV-based inner ear delivery.
To discuss the clinical translation of functionalized EVs for auditory regeneration.

Main Methods:

Systematic review of preclinical and clinical studies on EVs for hearing loss.
Analysis of bioengineering strategies for EV functionalization and targeting.
Discussion of AI algorithms for optimizing EV targeting ligands.

Main Results:

EVs demonstrate significant potential in preclinical and clinical studies for attenuating hearing impairment.
Bioengineering technologies enable the development of EVs as effective bioderived therapeutic materials.
AI-driven approaches are advancing the identification of targeting ligands for inner ear delivery.

Conclusions:

Functionalized EVs represent a promising next-generation therapy for hearing loss.
Targeted delivery of EVs to the inner ear is crucial for successful therapeutic outcomes.
Further research and clinical translation are needed to realize the full potential of EV-based therapies.