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Hormesis determines lifespan.

Edward J Calabrese1, Marc Nascarella2, Peter Pressman3

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|January 5, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lifespan can be extended by various interventions, including supplements and fasting, within the principles of hormesis. This biological response consistently shows modest lifespan increases across different species.

Keywords:
AgingDietary restrictionHealth spanHormesisLifespanPhytochemicals

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Longevity Research
  • Cellular and Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology and Toxicology

Background:

  • Aging is a complex process influenced by genetic and environmental factors.
  • Numerous interventions, including dietary, pharmaceutical, and lifestyle changes, are explored for lifespan extension.
  • Hormesis, a biphasic dose-response, provides a framework for understanding biological plasticity and adaptation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of diverse lifespan-extending interventions within the hormesis framework.
  • To identify common quantitative features of lifespan extension across different models and agents.
  • To explore the implications of hormesis for human aging and public health.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on lifespan-extending agents and activities.
  • Analysis of data from various model organisms (yeast, nematodes, insects, fish, rodents).
  • Application of hormesis principles to quantitatively describe lifespan extension responses.

Main Results:

  • Multiple interventions (dietary supplements, pharmaceuticals, caloric restriction, fasting, exercise) consistently demonstrated lifespan extension.
  • Lifespan extension followed quantitative features of hormesis, with average increases of 30-60% at maximum.
  • These hormetic effects were observed across diverse biological models, agents, and measured endpoints.

Conclusions:

  • Hormesis provides a unifying principle for understanding lifespan extension induced by various agents and activities.
  • The magnitude of lifespan extension is generally modest (percentage-based), not exponential.
  • Findings have significant implications for aging research, disease prevention, and societal planning.