Contrast media shortages - medical imaging considerations: A literature review

This literature review was conducted to analyze the current and future effects of intravenous contrast media shortages and how these shortages affect patient care within the field of computed tomography (CT). Substitutions and conservation methods were examined. One of the most important results of this review was to improve current and future patient care while actively making a conscious effort to help aid others in future shortages. Limitations can be found when looking at the research field concerning the substitutions for contrast media, such as nanoparticles and saline chasers following contrast boluses. CINAHL, CINAHL Complete, MEDLINE, MEDLINE Complete, Academic Search Complete, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar were used to compile articles, which were then eliminated until only those pertaining to this review were left. Thirty-seven articles were included; of the 37 articles, two studied contrast enhancement in animals and were determined relevant to this review. The majority of sources were published within the past 20 years; older articles were included to identify gaps for future research; and all articles selected were peer-reviewed or scholarly. This review indicates the CT field can begin preparations now to help negate future contrast shortages as well as decrease patients' health risks. Future research should revolve around furthering the field's knowledge of nanoparticles being used as ICMs in human patients. Additionally, investigating which ordering providers should have ICM ordering privileges may identify conservation strategies.