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Müller glial cells located in the peripheral retina are more susceptible to high pressure: implications for glaucoma

Xandra Pereiro1,2, Noelia Ruzafa3, Mikel Azkargorta4

  • 1Experimental Ophthalmo-Biology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940, Leioa, Spain. xandra.pereiro@ehu.eus.

Cell & Bioscience
|January 5, 2024
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Müller glia (MG) protect retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) normally, but high pressure in glaucoma impairs peripheral MG, increasing RGC death via apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness.
  • It is a progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting retinal ganglion cells (RGCs).
  • Müller glia (MG) are critical support cells in the retina.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Müller glia (MG) in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death.
  • To determine how peripheral MG respond to high pressure (HP) conditions.
  • To understand the influence of MG on RGC survival in glaucoma.

Main Methods:

  • Co-culturing porcine RGCs with MG from central and peripheral retina.
  • Subjecting co-cultures to normal and high-pressure (HP) conditions.
  • Analyzing proteins secreted by MG using mass spectrometry.

Main Results:

  • Peripheral MG secrete more neuroprotective factors under normal conditions, aiding RGC survival.
  • Under HP, peripheral MG co-cultures showed reduced RGC survival.
  • HP induced peripheral MG to increase secretion of proteins linked to apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation.

Conclusions:

  • Müller glia (MG) play a significant role in RGC death in glaucoma.
  • Peripheral MG sensitivity to HP influences RGC survival.
  • These findings suggest potential therapeutic targets involving MG for glaucoma treatment.
Keywords:
GlaucomaMüller gliaNeurodegenerationRetinaRetinal ganglion cells

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