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Profile of Childhood Cancers From Hospital-Based Cancer Registries in India, 2012-19

Gauri Kapoor1, Ramandeep Singh Arora2, Venkatraman Radhakrishnan3

  • 1Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Delhi.

Indian Pediatrics
|January 6, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Childhood cancers represent a significant portion of all cancer cases in India, with leukemia being the most common. These pediatric and adolescent cancers show a notable male predominance, guiding future research and health strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Childhood and adolescent cancers are a significant global health concern.
  • Understanding the epidemiological patterns of these cancers is crucial for effective public health strategies.
  • Hospital-based cancer registries provide valuable data for analyzing cancer trends.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To delineate the clinical and epidemiological patterns of childhood and adolescent cancers in India.
  • To utilize data from the National Cancer Registry Program for comprehensive analysis.
  • To inform research and planning strategies for pediatric cancers in India.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective review of 60,720 cancer cases aged 0-19 years from 2012-2019.
  • Data sourced from 96 hospital-based cancer registries across India.
  • Classification of cancers based on the International Classification of Childhood Cancer (ICCC) and descriptive statistical analysis.

Main Results:

  • Pediatric cancers (0-19 years) constituted 4.6% of all cancer cases in India.
  • Leukemia was the most prevalent cancer, followed by lymphoma, central nervous system tumors, and bone cancers.
  • A male-to-female ratio of approximately 1.7:1 was observed for childhood and adolescent cancers.

Conclusions:

  • Childhood and adolescent cancers form a substantial part of the overall cancer burden in India.
  • The observed male preponderance in these age groups requires further investigation.
  • This epidemiological data is vital for refining national cancer control and research initiatives.
Abstract

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