Modified silica-based double-layered hydrophobic-coated stainless steel mesh and its application for oil/seawater...

A double-layered hydrophobic-coated stainless steel mesh (CSSM) was successfully prepared by vapor deposition of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to form aerosol silica (SiO₂) particles on SSM followed by coating with the in situ modified SiO₂ generated in the natural rubber (NR) latex for use in oil/seawater separation. The in situ SiO₂ particles were modified with octyltriethoxysilane (OTES) or hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS). Transmission electron microscopy, ²⁹Si solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to determine the structure of the in situ modified SiO₂ generated in the NR latex. Scanning electron microscopy and water contact angle analyses were applied to characterize the morphology and hydrophobicity of the CSSM, respectively. The presence of aerosol SiO₂ particles from PDMS and in situ modified SiO₂ by OTES (MSi-O) or HDTMS (MSi-H) generated in the NR could enhance the surface roughness and hydrophobicity of the CSSM. The hydrophobic CSSM was then applied for the separation of chloroform/seawater and crude oil/seawater mixtures. A high separation efficiency (up to 99.3%) with the PDMS/NR/MSi-H CSSM was obtained and the mesh was reusable for up to 20 cycles.