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Updated: Jul 6, 2025

Isolation of Leukocytes from Human Breast Milk for Use in an Antibody-dependent Cellular Phagocytosis Assay of HIV Targets
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Breastfeeding in the United States Among Women With HIV: Con Viewpoint

Sharon Nachman1, Grace Aldrovandi2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Renaissance School of Medicine, SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA.

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|January 7, 2024
PubMed

To breast feed or not has long been a difficult question for women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in high-income countries, as undetectable HIV in maternal plasma does not translate to zero risk of transmission while breastfeeding, and clean water and formula are readily available. Recent, and more permissive, changes in US and other high-income-country guidelines regarding breastfeeding underscore this issue and acknowledge the information gaps that are essential for informed maternal choice and provider management. These include lack of guidance as to routine monitoring of mothers during lactation, type and length of prophylaxis for infants, and lack of data on factors associated with increased breast-milk viral load and risk of transmission. Ancillary to data are the education and staffing needs for providers participating in the management of breastfeeding individuals. Future studies of breast-milk transmission will need to evaluate these gaps so that we can move transmission to zero.

Keywords:
HIVbreastfeeding

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