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Creating and evaluating the score to assess overdose: the OD score

Kazuki Nagashima1,2, Nobuhiro Yasuno3, Machiko Watanabe4

  • 1Laboratory of Practical Pharmacy, Graduate School and Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8675, Japan. knagashima@chiba-u.jp.

BMC Emergency Medicine
|January 7, 2024
PubMed

Insights

A new OD score accurately identifies overdose patients, even in overwhelmed emergency departments during disasters. This tool aids facilities not specializing in overdose treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Toxicology
  • Clinical Scoring Systems

Background:

  • Emergency departments face capacity issues during disasters like pandemics, impacting care.
  • Increased stress during emergencies leads to a rise in overdose cases.
  • Lack of a standardized scoring system for overdose assessment poses challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a patient-specific scoring system for overdose assessment.
  • To improve the accuracy and efficiency of overdose identification in emergency settings.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective single-center study evaluating an evidence-based OD score (0-15).
  • Logistic analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were employed.
  • External validation was performed on a separate patient cohort.

Main Results:

  • The OD score demonstrated high accuracy with a cutoff of 8 (AUC: 0.99), correctly identifying overdose patients.
  • Key predictors for overdose included the discovery scenario and recent mental anxiety.
  • The OD score showed excellent performance in external validation (AUC: 1.0).

Conclusions:

  • The developed OD score is a reliable tool for assessing overdose patients.
  • This scoring system is particularly beneficial for medical facilities with limited experience in managing overdose cases.
Abstract

Keywords:
Emergency departmentOverdosePsychiatryScoringSuicideThe OD score

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