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Study of neuregulin-4 levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus
D Akshay1, Ajay Chauhan1, Parul Goyal1
1Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences (ABVIMS), Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, Delhi, India.
Background:
Neuregulin-4 is a recently recognized adipokine acting as ligands to tyrosine kinases receptor of the Erb B family. This adipose tissue augmented endocrine factor participates in the modulation of lipid and glucose metabolism and energy homeostasis. This novel adipokine is associated with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, obesity, oxidative stress, and inflammation.
Objective:
The study aimed to compare plasma levels of neuregulin-4 in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus as compared to matched controls and to correlate with glycemic and lipid parameters.
Materials And Methods:
100 newly diagnosed T2DM patients and 100 age, sex, and BMI-matched controls after fulfilling all exclusion and inclusion criteria were included in the study. Fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and fasting plasma insulin levels were measured in both cases and controls. HOMA-IR values in both groups were calculated using fasting glucose and insulin levels.
Results:
Mean levels of plasma neuregulin-4(pg/mL) in newly diagnosed T2DM were 7949.76 ± 949.76) pg/ml, which was significantly lower as compared to 9143 ±949.76) pg/ml in the control group (P-value <.0001). In the present study, a significant negative correlation was seen between plasma neuregulin-4 (pg/mL) with fasting blood sugar, postprandial blood sugar, HbA1C, and HOMA-IR with a correlation coefficient of -0.303, -0.416, -0.433, and -0.514, respectively. Moreover, a significant positive correlation was seen between plasma neuregulin-4 (pg/mL) with HDL with a correlation coefficient of 0.216. A significant negative correlation was seen between plasma neuregulin-4 (pg/mL) and LDL, with a correlation coefficient -0.208.
Conclusion:
Neuregulin levels are significantly lower in diabetics as compared to controls. There levels correlated inversely with HbA1C and HOMA IR.
Insights
Neuregulin-4 levels are significantly lower in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus compared to healthy controls. Lower neuregulin-4 is associated with poorer glycemic control and altered lipid profiles in diabetes.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic research
- Adipokine signaling
Background:
- Neuregulin-4 (Nrg4) is an adipokine involved in regulating lipid and glucose metabolism.
- It plays a role in energy homeostasis and is linked to metabolic disorders like insulin resistance and obesity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare plasma neuregulin-4 levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients versus matched controls.
- To investigate the correlation between neuregulin-4 levels and glycemic/lipid parameters in T2DM.
Main Methods:
- 100 newly diagnosed T2DM patients and 100 controls were enrolled.
- Fasting/postprandial glucose, HbA1c, and insulin levels were measured.
- Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated.
Main Results:
- Plasma neuregulin-4 levels were significantly lower in T2DM patients (7949.76 pg/mL) compared to controls (9143 pg/mL) (P < .0001).
- Neuregulin-4 showed significant negative correlations with fasting glucose, postprandial glucose, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR.
- Positive correlation with HDL and negative correlation with LDL were observed.
Conclusions:
- Neuregulin-4 levels are significantly reduced in individuals with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.
- Decreased neuregulin-4 is inversely associated with markers of glycemic control (HbA1c, HOMA-IR) and lipid profiles.
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