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Global Estimates on Biological Risks at Work.

Jukka Takala1, Alexis Descatha2,3, A Oppliger4

  • 1Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.

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|January 8, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Biological risks caused over 550,000 workplace deaths in 2022, with COVID-19 accounting for 223,650. This represents a significant increase in the global burden of work-related disabilities.

Keywords:
BiosafetyExposureOccupational diseasesOrganic chemicalsWork environment

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Global Health

Background:

  • Biological risks pose a significant global challenge in the workplace, underscored by the recent COVID-19 pandemic.
  • A comprehensive understanding of both communicable and noncommunicable biological agents at work is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present updated global estimates of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to biological risks in the workplace for 2021.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of communicable infectious agents and noncommunicable factors contributing to work-related mortality and morbidity.

Main Methods:

  • Followed International Labour Organization (ILO) methodology for global estimates of occupational diseases.
  • Utilized ILO estimates for hazardous substances and literature-derived population attributable fractions, applied to World Health Organization mortality data.
  • Included communicable diseases (e.g., tuberculosis, COVID-19) and noncommunicable factors (e.g., COPD from organic dusts, asthma, animal contact).

Main Results:

  • Estimated 550,819 deaths attributed to biological risk factors in 2022 (476,000 from communicable diseases, 74,000 from noncommunicable factors).
  • COVID-19 at work accounted for 223,650 deaths.
  • Calculated 584 DALYs per 100,000 workers, an 11% increase in the global burden of work-related disabilities.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides the first update since 2007, showing a 74% increase and broader coverage of biological risks.
  • Acknowledges potential underestimation due to missing data on other diseases.
  • Highlights that while deaths from major communicable diseases are rare in the working population, absences due to these illnesses are likely common.