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Related Concept Videos

Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

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Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
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RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

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In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
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Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing01:36

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Chromatin Structure and RNA Splicing02:41

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Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends01:35

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In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a cap to the 5' end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5' phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached (7-methyl guanosine). This 5' cap helps...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2025

Engineering Artificial Factors to Specifically Manipulate Alternative Splicing in Human Cells
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Engineering Artificial Factors to Specifically Manipulate Alternative Splicing in Human Cells

Published on: April 26, 2017

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Predicting the Structural Impact of Human Alternative Splicing.

Yuxuan Song1, Chengxin Zhang1, Gilbert S Omenn1

  • 1Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|January 8, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Alternative splicing creates diverse protein structures, impacting function and post-translational modification sites. This study predicts structures for over 11,000 human isoforms, revealing significant functional differences.

Keywords:
AlphaFold2Alternative SplicingIsoform functionProtein StructureSingle-Cell RNA-seq

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Area of Science:

  • Computational Biology
  • Structural Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Protein structure prediction links sequence, structure, and function.
  • Previous methods often ignored splice variants, focusing on single gene isoforms.
  • Alternative splicing generates protein diversity, but its structural consequences are underexplored.

Conclusions:

  • Alternative splicing significantly diversifies protein structure and function beyond sequence alone.
  • This comprehensive isoform structure resource aids in understanding cell-type-specific protein roles.
  • Highlights the importance of considering splice variants in protein structure-function relationship studies.