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Systematic Review: Child Psychiatry Access Program Outcomes.

Chuan-Mei Lee1,2, Juliet Yonek1, Brendon Lin1

  • 1University of California, San Francisco.

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|January 8, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Child Psychiatry Access Programs (CPAP) are growing to support pediatricians in mental health care. While well-received by providers, more research is needed on patient mental health outcomes.

Keywords:
child psychiatrymental health servicespediatricsprimary carereferral and consultation

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Area of Science:

  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Health Services Research
  • Pediatric Primary Care

Background:

  • Child and adolescent psychiatry workforce shortages necessitate innovative support models.
  • Child Psychiatry Access Programs (CPAPs) aim to equip pediatric primary care providers (PCPs) with mental health service capabilities.
  • CPAPs facilitate rapid remote mental health consultations from specialists to PCPs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and synthesize the existing literature on Child Psychiatry Access Programs (CPAPs).
  • To evaluate the adoption, provider, patient, and caregiver experiences, costs, and mental health outcomes associated with CPAPs.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, PsycInfo, Embase, and Web of Science databases.
  • Studies published from database inception to April 6, 2022, were included.
  • Outcomes assessed included program adoption, provider/patient/caregiver experience, cost, and patient mental health.

Main Results:

  • 33 studies were included, none were randomized controlled trials.
  • Most studies focused on program adoption (n=30) and provider experience (n=18).
  • CPAPs demonstrated year-over-year growth in adoption and positive provider/caregiver reception, but patient mental health outcomes were underreported.

Conclusions:

  • Rigorous research on CPAP impact is limited, with a notable gap in patient-level mental health outcome data.
  • High provider satisfaction exists, but evidence on patient mental health improvement is lacking.
  • Prioritizing and investing in research is crucial to build a stronger evidence base for CPAPs.