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Bacterial concentration correlations in experimental endocarditis caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis.

L M Baddour, G D Christensen, A L Bisno

    Journal of Clinical Microbiology
    |February 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary

    Bacterial blood concentrations in experimental endocarditis correlate with vegetation load and size. Higher bacteremia indicates greater infection severity and catheter colonization in rats.

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    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Medical Devices

    Background:

    • Staphylococcus epidermidis is a common cause of catheter-related bloodstream infections and infective endocarditis.
    • Experimental models are crucial for understanding the pathogenesis of infective endocarditis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the correlation between blood bacterial concentrations and the microbiologic status of endocardial vegetations in experimental catheter-induced infective endocarditis.
    • To determine if bacterial load in blood reflects vegetation burden, size, and catheter colonization.

    Main Methods:

    • Induction of experimental endocarditis in rats using 13 strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis and intracardiac catheters.
    • Quantification of bacterial concentrations in blood cultures, endocardial vegetations, and catheter colonization at the time of sacrifice.

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  • Correlation analysis between blood bacterial counts and vegetation parameters (weight, organism number, size) and inoculum size.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant positive correlations were observed between blood bacterial concentrations and the number of organisms per gram of vegetation (P < 0.001) and total organisms per vegetation (P < 0.001).
    • Blood bacterial concentrations also correlated with vegetation weights (P < 0.001) and infecting inoculum sizes (P < 0.0001).
    • Catheter colonization increased with rising blood bacterial concentrations, with all catheters positive in cases of high-grade bacteremia (≥100 CFU/ml). Slime production did not affect these correlations.

    Conclusions:

    • Blood bacterial concentration serves as a reliable indicator of the microbiologic status of infected vegetations in experimental infective endocarditis.
    • The findings support the use of blood bacterial load as a surrogate marker for infection severity and extent in this model.
    • Understanding these correlations aids in evaluating treatment efficacy and disease progression in infective endocarditis.