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Opioid prescription patterns in a children's hospital from 2012 to 2016

Nicole Titze1, Rishi Bhargava2, Ara Jamasbi Montalvo3

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrence, California.

Journal of Opioid Management
|January 8, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric opioid prescriptions decreased significantly from 2012 to 2016. Increased age and longer hospital stays were linked to more pain medication prescriptions, highlighting evolving pediatric pain management strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric pharmacology
  • Pain management
  • Public health

Background:

  • The opioid epidemic has increased opioid use in adults.
  • Pediatric pain management requires careful consideration due to potential risks.
  • Understanding trends in pediatric analgesic prescribing is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in narcotic and non-narcotic pain medication prescriptions in pediatric patients.
  • To identify changes in pediatric pain management over time.
  • To examine factors associated with opioid prescription in children and adolescents.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 58,402 analgesic prescriptions for patients aged 0-21 years (May 2012-November 2016).
  • Logistic regression model to assess the association of age, sex, diagnosis, and hospital stay length with opioid prescription probability.
  • Retrospective review of prescription data from a large pediatric hospital.

Main Results:

  • A statistically significant reduction in opioid prescriptions was observed from 2012 to 2016 (p < 0.001).
  • Increased age and longer hospital stays were directly associated with higher probabilities of opioid prescription (p < 0.001).
  • Demographic shifts noted, with a male predominance in younger patients (<15 years) and a female predominance in older adolescents (>16 years).

Conclusions:

  • Overall opioid prescriptions decreased in pediatric patients, potentially due to FDA regulations and increased awareness of opioid-related harms.
  • Age and length of hospital stay are significant factors influencing analgesic prescribing patterns.
  • Further research is warranted to explore specific opioid prescription patterns within the pediatric population.
Abstract

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