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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2025

Author Spotlight: Simple and Efficient Neural Retina Organoid Production for Disease Modeling

Author Spotlight: Simple and Efficient Neural Retina Organoid Production for Disease Modeling

Published on: December 22, 2023

Generating Neural Retina from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells.

Wen Li¹, Hongyu Li², Hao Yan²

¹Medical School of Chinese PLA; Senior Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital.

Journal of Visualized Experiments : Jove

|January 8, 2024

Summary

This study optimized a protocol for differentiating human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) into neural retina (NR). This method enhances NR production for retinopathy research, disease modeling, and potential cell therapies.

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Last Updated: Jul 6, 2025

Author Spotlight: Simple and Efficient Neural Retina Organoid Production for Disease Modeling

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Generation of Retinal Organoids from Healthy and Retinal Disease-Specific Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Generation of Retinal Organoids from Healthy and Retinal Disease-Specific Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: December 9, 2022

Directed Induction of Retinal Organoids from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Directed Induction of Retinal Organoids from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Published on: April 21, 2021

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Stem Cell Biology
Regenerative Medicine

Background:

Retinopathy is a leading cause of global blindness, necessitating research into its pathogenesis for improved diagnosis and treatment.
Ethical constraints limit human subject research, driving the need for alternative models like retinal organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs).
Human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) offer a promising source for generating retinal organoids (ROs) for disease modeling, drug screening, and therapeutic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe an optimized induction protocol for generating neural retina (NR) from human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs).
To improve the efficiency and success rate of retinal organoid production for retinopathy studies.
To provide a robust and cost-effective method for generating a plentiful cell reservoir for various research and therapeutic applications.

Main Methods:

Utilized human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) and an optimized induction protocol.
Leveraged PSCs' self-reorganization capabilities post-dissociation with complementary factors.
Focused on specific differentiation towards neural retina (NR) while minimizing vesiculation and fusion.

Main Results:

Achieved significant reduction in vesiculation and fusion, increasing NR production success until day 60.
Demonstrated a specific drive towards NR differentiation.
Validated the protocol's uncomplicated nature, cost-effectiveness, repeatability, and efficiency.

Conclusions:

The optimized protocol provides a reliable method for generating neural retina from PSCs.
This approach holds significant potential for personalized models of retinal diseases.
The generated cells offer a plentiful reservoir for cell therapy, drug screening, and gene therapy testing.