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Related Concept Videos

P-N junction01:11

P-N junction

536
A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...
536

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2025

Low Pressure Vapor-assisted Solution Process for Tunable Band Gap Pinhole-free Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskite Films
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Infiltrated 2D/3D Heterojunction with Tunable Electric Field Landscape for Robust Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells

Chen Tang1, Yuan Liu1, Yiting Zheng1

  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20024, P. R. China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|January 10, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A novel 2D/3D gradient heterojunction in perovskite solar cells improves electron transfer and stability. This design overcomes type-II band alignment issues, leading to enhanced power conversion efficiency and durability.

Keywords:
infiltrated 2D/3D heterojunctioninverted perovskite solar celltunable electric field

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Photovoltaics
  • Solid-State Physics

Background:

  • Conventional inverted perovskite solar cells often use 2D/3D heterojunctions with type-II band alignment, hindering electron transfer.
  • The electric field in type-II alignment can oppose desired electron motion, reducing device performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a 2D/3D gradient heterojunction in perovskite solar cells.
  • To improve electron transfer dynamics and device stability by mitigating adverse band alignment effects.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a 2D/3D gradient heterojunction via 2D perovskite infiltration along grain boundaries.
  • Utilizing the interaction between 2D perovskite organic cations and diffusing thiocyanate ions (SCN⁻).
  • Characterization of the resulting structure, band alignment, and device performance.

Main Results:

  • The 2D perovskite infiltration filled grain boundary gaps, enhancing structural stability.
  • Reconstructed electric field promoted rapid electron transfer towards the n-doped surface, weakening type-II alignment.
  • Thiocyanate ions accumulated at interfaces, releasing stress and reducing nonradiative recombination.
  • Achieved a power conversion efficiency of 24.76% (certified 24.29%).
  • Demonstrated excellent long-term stability, retaining over 90% of initial efficiency after 800 hours under heat or humidity stress.

Conclusions:

  • The 2D/3D gradient heterojunction effectively enhances electron transfer and device stability in perovskite solar cells.
  • This approach addresses key limitations of conventional heterojunctions, paving the way for more efficient and durable perovskite photovoltaics.