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Susceptible and infectious states for both vector and host in a dynamic pathogen-vector-host system

Zachary S Lamas1,2, Maiya Krichton1,2, Eugene V Ryabov1,2,3

  • 1Bee Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville 06415, MD, USA.

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
|January 10, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Deformed wing virus (DWV) spreads in honeybee populations through mite-to-mite transmission and bee social behaviors like trophallaxis. This highlights community and vector transmission's importance for virus maintenance.

Area of Science:

  • * Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
  • * Pathogen Dynamics
  • * Insect Pathology

Background:

  • * Deformed wing virus (DWV) is a significant pathogen affecting honeybee populations.
  • * Efficient transmission occurs via vectors (mites) and social contact among bees.
  • * Understanding transmission dynamics is crucial for managing honeybee health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To investigate the transmission routes of Deformed wing virus (DWV) in honeybee populations.
  • * To determine how vector-vector, host-host, and host-vector transmission maintain DWV.
  • * To identify key avenues for DWV maintenance and infection.

Main Methods:

  • * Experimental measurement of vector-vector transmission.
  • * Assessment of host-host transmission routes (trophallaxis, cannibalism).
  • * Evaluation of host-vector transmission dynamics.

Main Results:

  • * Co-infestations on shared hosts facilitate DWV movement between mites.
  • * Honeybee social behaviors, trophallaxis and pupal cannibalism, enable bee-to-bee transmission.
  • * Intra-host virus circulation creates a reservoir for mite acquisition.

Conclusions:

  • * Community transmission among honeybees is vital for DWV maintenance.
  • * Vector transmission by mites is a key component of the DWV cycle.
  • * DWV transmission shares similarities with zoonotic and medical infectious diseases.
Keywords:
Varroadisease transmissionhoneybees

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