Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 6, 2025

Nephrotoxin Microinjection in Zebrafish to Model Acute Kidney Injury
Published on: July 17, 2016
Causes and outcome of pregnancy related acute kidney injury
1Noor Muhammad, MBBS, MCPS, FCPS Assistant Professor, Department of Nephrology. Medical Teaching Institute, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Objective:
To determine frequencies of causes and renal outcomes of pregnancy related acute kidney injury.
Method:
This descriptive case series study was conducted in Nephrology unit of a tertiary care hospital of Peshawar, from 1st August 2021 to 31st July 2022.A total of 100 patients with acute kidney injury secondary to obstetric conditions were enrolled via non-probability consecutive sampling technique. While patients with pre-existing renal disease, those with renal stones, or having bilateral small kidneys on ultrasound were excluded from the study. Patients were followed till 12 weeks postpartum period. Underlying obstetrical causes and outcome at 12 weeks postnatal period were determined.
Results:
The mean age of sample of 100 cases was 29.29 ± 6.45. Mean serum creatinine at presentation was 6.5± 3.13. Majority of patient, 89% were multigravidas. Seventy eight percent patients required hemodialysis. Primary postpartum hemorrhage remained the commonest underlying cause of pregnancy related acute kidney injury in this study. The frequency of persistent renal failure in Pr-AKI (pregnancy related acute kidney injury) in this study was 14%. In about 66% of cases complete recovery occurred. All the underlying obstetrical causes, when adjusted for age, gravidity, place and mode of delivery, had no association with persistent renal failure.
Conclusion:
Primary postpartum hemorrhage is the predominant cause of pregnancy related acute kidney injury. By the end of 12 weeks postpartum, two third patients recover completely from pregnancy related acute renal injury.
Related Concept Videos
Nephrons
Dialysis
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction
Acute pancreatitis is characterized by rapid inflammation of the pancreas, often caused by factors like gallstone blockage or excessive alcohol consumption. Chronic pancreatitis, on the other hand, is a slow, progressive inflammation that may result from long-term alcohol abuse, obstructions in the pancreatic duct, or genetic factors.
The causes of acute pancreatitis include:
Teratogenicity
Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management
Hormonal Regulation

