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Smart salt-responsive thread for highly sensitive microfluidic glucose detection in sweat.

Liang Wu1,2, Jing Xiong1,2, Gang Xiao1,2

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This study introduces a novel salt-responsive thread for highly sensitive glucose detection in sweat. The developed wearable headband enables non-invasive, on-body monitoring of glucose levels using smartphone analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Textile engineering
  • Biomedical engineering
  • Analytical chemistry

Background:

  • Wearable sensors for non-invasive sweat analysis are crucial for continuous health monitoring.
  • Existing thread-based microfluidic sensors struggle with low sensitivity for glucose detection in sweat.
  • Improving sensitivity is key for practical applications in human sweat analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a highly sensitive microfluidic glucose sensing device using a novel salt-responsive thread.
  • To create a wearable sensor for on-body sweat glucose monitoring.
  • To demonstrate the potential of zwitterionic polymer brushes for enhanced sweat analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Grafting zwitterionic polymer brushes onto cotton threads to create salt-responsive threads.
  • Constructing thread/paper-based microfluidic sensing devices.
  • Developing a smartphone-based image analysis system for glucose detection.

Main Results:

  • The salt-responsive thread demonstrated enhanced ion-capture, swelling, and water absorption capabilities.
  • The developed sensing device achieved a sensitivity of -0.255 μM⁻¹ and a detection limit of 14.7 μM for glucose in artificial sweat.
  • A functional glucose-sensing headband was successfully prepared and tested for on-body monitoring.

Conclusions:

  • The salt-responsive thread significantly improves glucose enrichment and sensor performance compared to pristine threads.
  • The developed wearable headband enables accurate, non-invasive sweat glucose monitoring.
  • This approach offers a promising new direction for creating highly sensitive wearable sweat sensors.