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Cigarette smoking and subarachnoid haemorrhage: a population-based case-control study
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
|January 1, 1987
Summary
Smoking significantly increases the risk of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). This study found smokers had a 2.7 to 3.0 times higher risk of SAH compared to non-smokers.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Epidemiology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a serious neurological condition.
- Smoking is a known risk factor for various cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between smoking habits and subarachnoid hemorrhage.
- To determine the relative risk of SAH in smokers.
Main Methods:
- An epidemiological study involving 114 patients with SAH (under 70 years old).
- Each patient was matched with a control individual for age, sex, and domicile.
- Analysis of smoking prevalence and calculation of relative risk.
Main Results:
- Current cigarette smokers were significantly more prevalent among SAH cases than controls.
- The relative risk of subarachnoid hemorrhage was 2.7 in men and 3.0 in women compared to non-smokers.
- Increased serum elastolytic activity in smokers is proposed as a potential mechanism.
Conclusions:
- Smoking is a significant risk factor for subarachnoid hemorrhage.
- The findings support the metastatic emphysema theory, suggesting increased elastolytic activity contributes to SAH risk in smokers.