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Related Concept Videos

Language Development01:22

Language Development

368
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
368
Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

346
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
346
Lateralization01:28

Lateralization

336
Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
336

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2025

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages
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Variability in Receptive Language Development Following Bilateral Cochlear Implantation.

Angelika Illg1, Doris Adams1, Anke Lesinski-Schiedat1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University Hannover, Germany.

Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR
|January 10, 2024
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Summary

Bilateral cochlear implantation (CI) by age two enables age-appropriate language skills in congenitally deaf children. Early implantation and speech perception significantly impact language variability.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric audiology
  • Developmental linguistics
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Bilateral cochlear implantation (CI) is a critical intervention for congenital deafness.
  • Understanding language development variability post-CI is essential for optimizing outcomes.
  • Early implantation is hypothesized to positively influence language acquisition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate language development variability in children aged 5-7.5 years after early bilateral CI (by age 2).
  • To assess the impact of age at implantation on language outcomes.
  • To explore the influence of non-cognitive and anatomical comorbidities on language development.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 84 children with congenital deafness receiving simultaneous bilateral CI by 24 months.
  • Evaluation of language comprehension using a standardized German test for preschool and early school-aged children.
  • Assessment of speech perception for monosyllables and sentences in quiet and noise.

Main Results:

  • Language acquisition aligned with the normal range for hearing children.
  • Median performance was 75% for monosyllables, 89% in quiet sentences, and 54% in noisy sentences.
  • Earlier implantation age significantly correlated with better monosyllabic word comprehension (p < .001).

Conclusions:

  • Congenitally deaf children implanted bilaterally within the first year can achieve age-appropriate language skills.
  • Variability in language acquisition is influenced by implantation age and potentially cognitive factors like working memory.