System for automatically assessing the likelihood of inferior alveolar nerve injury

Inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) injury is a severe complication associated with mandibular third molar (MM3) extraction. Consequently, the likelihood of IAN injury must be assessed before performing such an extraction. However, existing deep learning methods for classifying the likelihood of IAN injury that rely on mask images often suffer from limited accuracy and lack of interpretability. In this paper, we propose an automated system based on panoramic radiographs, featuring a novel segmentation model SS-TransUnet and classification algorithm CD-IAN injury class. Our objective was to enhance the precision of segmentation of MM3 and mandibular canal (MC) and classification accuracy of the likelihood of IAN injury, ultimately reducing the occurrence of IAN injuries and providing a certain degree of interpretable foundation for diagnosis. The proposed segmentation model demonstrated a 0.9 % and 2.6 % enhancement in dice coefficient for MM3 and MC, accompanied by a reduction in 95 % Hausdorff distance, reaching 1.619 and 1.886, respectively. Additionally, our classification algorithm achieved an accuracy of 0.846, surpassing deep learning-based models by 3.8 %, confirming the effectiveness of our system.