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 Every plant cell has a cell wall that protects the cell, provides structural support, and gives the cell shape. Cellulose, the main structural component of the plant cell wall, makes up over 30% of plant matter. It is the most abundant organic compound on earth.  Cellulose is an unbranched polysaccharide composed of linear chains of glucose molecules linked by β (1→4) glycosidic bonds.
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Electrostatic self-assembly endows cellulose paper with durable efficient flame retardancy and mechanical performance

Xie Li1, Yuzhao Yang2, Dongdong Tang1

  • 1Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, the State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Chengdu 610065, China.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
|January 10, 2024
PubMed
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This study developed a durable flame retardant paper coating (PyA/PA-MF) using electrostatic self-assembly. The modified paper exhibits excellent flame resistance, even after water immersion, while maintaining its physical properties and whiteness.

Keywords:
Durable flame retardancyElectrostatic self-assemblySynergistic effect

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Cellulose Science

Background:

  • Traditional paper's flammability limits its applications.
  • Moisture significantly degrades conventional flame retardant treatments for paper.
  • Need for durable flame retardant solutions that preserve paper's physical integrity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a long-term flame retardant coating for cellulose paper.
  • To overcome moisture-induced performance loss in flame-retarded paper.
  • To enhance paper's safety without compromising its mechanical and aesthetic properties.

Main Methods:

  • Electrostatic self-assembly of a plant acid/phosphate and melamine formaldehyde coating (PyA/PA-MF).
  • Surface modification of cellulose paper to create a uniform microsphere structure.
  • Evaluation of flame retardant properties (oxygen index, carbon length, peak heat release rate, total heat release) before and after water immersion.
  • Assessment of mechanical properties (tensile strength) and whiteness.

Main Results:

  • The PyA/PA-MF coating created a rough microsphere structure, effectively anchoring phosphorus groups.
  • Modified paper achieved an oxygen index of 33% and reduced peak heat release rate (pHRR) and total heat release (THR) by 80% and 73%, respectively.
  • Flame retardant performance remained high after 72h immersion (oxygen index 31.4%).
  • Tensile strength increased to 2.4 MPa from 1 MPa, with no change in whiteness.

Conclusions:

  • The PyA/PA-MF coating provides durable, long-term flame retardancy to cellulose paper.
  • This method effectively prevents moisture-related degradation of flame retardant performance.
  • The coating enhances paper's safety and mechanical strength while preserving its appearance.