Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 15, 2026

Design and Implementation of an fMRI Study Examining Thought Suppression in Young Women with, and At-risk, for Depression
08:42

Design and Implementation of an fMRI Study Examining Thought Suppression in Young Women with, and At-risk, for Depression

Published on: May 19, 2015

Depression, self-esteem, and the absence of self-protective attributional biases

H Tennen, S Herzberger

    Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
    |January 1, 1987
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Self-distancing in Young Children07:01

    Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Self-distancing in Young Children

    Published on: March 1, 2019

    Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties12:55

    Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties

    Published on: September 27, 2020

    Related Concept Videos

    Self-Discrepancy Theory02:45

    Self-Discrepancy Theory

    One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.
    Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping02:05

    Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping

    People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about the way you...
    Fundamental Attribution Error01:14

    Fundamental Attribution Error

    According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is called the fundamental attribution...
    Self-Discrepancy and Its Effects01:29

    Self-Discrepancy and Its Effects

    Self-discrepancy theory explains how people compare their actual self to their ideal and ought selves and how mismatches between these self-guides can lead to emotional distress. Developed by E. Tory Higgins, the theory distinguishes among three components of self-concept: the actual self, the ideal self, and the ought self. These refer respectively to how individuals perceive themselves, how they aspire to be, and how they believe they are obligated to be. Emotional well-being, self-esteem,...
    Protecting Self-Esteem01:27

    Protecting Self-Esteem

    Self-esteem, a central component of psychological well-being, is actively maintained through various cognitive and behavioral strategies. Individuals employ specific mechanisms to preserve a positive self-concept and mitigate threats to their self-worth, particularly in contexts involving social evaluation or personal feedback. Four primary techniques are commonly used to sustain self-esteem.Manipulating AppraisalsOne prominent strategy involves manipulating appraisals from others. Individuals...
    Self-Serving Bias01:29

    Self-Serving Bias

    Self-serving bias is a cognitive phenomenon in which individuals attribute positive outcomes to internal factors such as their abilities, intelligence, or effort while attributing negative outcomes to external circumstances. This cognitive distortion helps maintain self-esteem but can also impede objective self-assessment.Theoretical Explanations of Self-Serving BiasTwo primary theories explain the self-serving bias: the cognitive explanation and the motivational explanation.The cognitive...