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RETRACTED: Left Ventricular Non-Compaction in Children: Aetiology and Diagnostic Criteria

Emanuele Monda1,2, Gianantonio De Michele1, Gaetano Diana1

  • 1Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 11, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) is a heart muscle disorder with increasing diagnoses in children. Research is vital to improve early detection and understanding of its diverse causes and symptoms.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Genetics
  • Pediatric Cardiology

Background:

  • Left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) is a rare cardiomyopathy characterized by excessive trabeculation and deep recesses in the left ventricle.
  • It presents as a spectrum, either isolated or with other cardiac conditions, affecting all age groups, notably children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of LVNC, including its pathophysiology, clinical presentations, and diagnostic challenges.
  • To highlight the increasing incidence in pediatric populations and the need for improved diagnostic criteria.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on LVNC.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria and imaging modalities such as echocardiography and cardiac MRI.
  • Discussion of genetic and acquired etiologies.

Main Results:

  • LVNC diagnosis relies heavily on imaging, but lacks a standardized definition, leading to diagnostic variability.
  • Genetic and acquired factors contribute to LVNC, with diverse clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic to severe heart failure, embolism, and arrhythmias.
  • The incidence of LVNC in children is rising due to enhanced imaging capabilities.

Conclusions:

  • LVNC is a complex cardiomyopathy with varied origins and clinical outcomes.
  • Standardized diagnostic criteria are needed to improve accuracy, especially in pediatric cases.
  • Further research is essential for early diagnosis and effective management of LVNC.

Keywords:
diagnosisetiologyleft ventricular non-compaction

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