Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 6, 2025
06:44
Generation of Prostate Cancer Cell Models of Resistance to the Anti-mitotic Agent Docetaxel
Published on: September 8, 2017
13.4K
Exploiting the DNA Damage Response for Prostate Cancer Therapy.
Travis H Stracker1, Oloruntoba I Osagie1, Freddy E Escorcia1,2
1Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Cancers
|January 11, 2024
Summary
This review covers castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), focusing on DNA damage response (DDR) alterations and new therapies targeting DDR. It explores genetic variations and immune landscapes to guide future CRPC treatment strategies.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Genetics
- Cancer Therapeutics
Background:
- Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is an advanced, fatal stage of prostate cancer with limited treatment options.
- Progression to CRPC occurs in cancers that become resistant to androgen deprivation therapy.
- Alterations in the DNA damage response (DDR) pathway are implicated in prostate cancer development and progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current understanding of prostate cancer subtypes and DDR alterations.
- To identify barriers to conventional treatments like radiotherapy.
- To discuss novel therapies targeting DDR and genetic alterations in CRPC.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of prostate cancer subtypes and DDR.
- Analysis of genetic variations and immune landscape in CRPC.
- Discussion of emerging therapeutic agents and clinical trials.
Main Results:
- DDR alterations are key factors in prostate cancer progression and resistance to therapy.
- New therapeutic strategies are emerging that target DDR mechanisms.
- Understanding genetic and immune profiles of CRPC can personalize treatment.
Conclusions:
- Targeting the DNA damage response offers promising avenues for treating lethal castration-resistant prostate cancer.
- Advances in understanding CRPC's genetic and immune landscape are crucial for developing effective future treatments.
- Emerging agents and ongoing clinical trials hold potential to improve outcomes for patients with advanced prostate cancer.
Related Concept Videos
02:37DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle
9.2K
In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
9.2K
02:57Targeted Cancer Therapies
7.6K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.6K
01:38Nucleotide Excision Repair
3.5K
DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
3.5K
02:25Overview of DNA Repair
31.0K
In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
Chemically...
Chemically...
31.0K
02:56Treatment Resistant Cancers
3.3K
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.3K
02:37DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle
2.6K
2.6K