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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Closure of a Patent Foramen Ovale PFO: An Intervention Sequence
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Patent Foramen Ovale Percutaneous Closure: Evolution and Ongoing Challenges.

Perrine Devos1, Paul Guedeney1, Gilles Montalescot1,2

  • 1ACTION Study Group, INSERM UMRS_1166 Institut de Cardiologie (AP-HP), Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|January 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure effectively reduces recurrent embolic events in cryptogenic stroke patients. This review explores current PFO closure indications, challenges, and future directions for related conditions.

Keywords:
PFOPFO closurecryptogenic strokedecompression sicknessmigraineorthodeoxia syndromepatent foramen ovaleresidual shunt

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neurology
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Patent foramen ovale (PFO) affects nearly 25% of the population, rising to 50% in cryptogenic stroke cases.
  • PFO is implicated in cryptogenic stroke, migraine, decompression sickness, and platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current indications for percutaneous patent foramen ovale closure.
  • To discuss challenges and future directions for PFO closure techniques and patient selection.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent randomized clinical trials on PFO closure.
  • Analysis of evidence for PFO closure in various pathogenic conditions.

Main Results:

  • Percutaneous PFO closure is confirmed to reduce recurrent embolic events in PFO-related stroke.
  • Evidence for PFO closure in conditions beyond stroke is less established due to patient heterogeneity.

Conclusions:

  • Percutaneous PFO closure is a validated treatment for cryptogenic stroke prevention.
  • Further research is needed to clarify indications and optimize techniques for PFO closure in other conditions.