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COVID-19 Vaccines in Children

Danielle Fayad1, Robert W Frenck1

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|January 11, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Updated COVID-19 vaccines targeting Omicron-XBB.1.5 offer enhanced protection against prevalent SARS-CoV-2 variants. These vaccines are safe and effective for children and adolescents, safeguarding against severe illness.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted global health across all age groups.
  • While severe outcomes were more common in adults, the effects on children became a focus.
  • Genomic surveillance identified SARS-CoV-2 XBB sublineages as dominant variants by September 2023.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To update COVID-19 vaccination recommendations based on current circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants.
  • To ensure continued protection against evolving strains of the virus, particularly in pediatric populations.

Main Methods:

  • Ongoing genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 specimens.
  • Analysis of circulating variant data to inform vaccine strain selection.
  • Review of vaccine efficacy and safety data for pediatric populations.

Main Results:

  • SARS-CoV-2 XBB sublineages represented over 99% of sequenced specimens in the US as of September 2023.
  • Vaccination recommendations were updated to a 2023-2024 Omicron-XBB.1.5-adapted monovalent vaccine.
  • COVID-19 vaccines demonstrated safety and efficacy in preventing illness and severe outcomes in children and adolescents.

Conclusions:

  • The updated monovalent COVID-19 vaccine provides heightened protection against current XBB-sublineage variants.
  • COVID-19 vaccination remains a critical tool for protecting children and adolescents from severe disease.
  • Continued monitoring and adaptation of vaccines are essential for pandemic control.

Keywords:
COVID-19COVID-19 in childrenCOVID-19 vaccinespediatric COVID-19

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