Malignant Bowel Obstruction: A Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Study

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Surgical Gastroenterology
• Clinical Outcomes Research

Background:

• Malignant bowel obstruction (MBO) is a critical condition necessitating surgery in nearly half of cases.
• Despite surgical intervention, patient survival rates for MBO remain low.
• Understanding factors influencing outcomes is crucial for improving patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To examine the relationship between patient characteristics, perioperative factors, histopathology, and postoperative outcomes in MBO patients.
• To identify predictors of morbidity and mortality following MBO surgery.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 70 patients who underwent surgery for MBO across two hospital settings.
• Collection and analysis of patient demographics, surgical details, histopathological findings, and postoperative outcomes.
• Application of univariable and multivariable statistical analyses.

Main Results:

• The 30-day mortality rate was 18.6%, with higher rates associated with advanced age, recurrent malignancy, and metastatic disease.
• Colorectal malignancy and primary anastomosis correlated with reduced 30-day mortality.
• University hospital operations and stoma creation influenced length of stay and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission rates.

Conclusions:

• Surgical treatment for MBO is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
• Individualized therapeutic strategies are essential, necessitating further prospective research to elucidate inter-patient variations.