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Reverberation-Robust Self-Calibration and Synchronization of Distributed Microphone Arrays by Mitigating

Szymon Woźniak1, Konrad Kowalczyk1

  • 1Faculty of Computer Science, Electronics and Telecommunications, Institute of Electronics, AGH University of Kraków, al. Adama Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland.

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Summary

This study introduces novel methods for robustly calibrating and synchronizing distributed microphone arrays in reverberant environments. The proposed techniques improve accuracy by addressing non-normal Time Difference of Arrival measurements and outliers.

Keywords:
calibrationdistributed sensor networksiterative reweightinglocalizationmicrophone array processingrobust estimationself-localizationsensorssynchronization

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Area of Science:

  • Acoustics
  • Signal Processing
  • Array Signal Processing

Background:

  • Distributed microphone arrays are often ad hoc, leading to unknown network parameters like array positioning, source locations, and recording synchronization.
  • Accurate self-calibration and synchronization are crucial for effective array performance in applications like acoustic source localization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop robust and accurate methods for passive, joint self-calibration and synchronization of distributed microphone arrays in reverberant rooms.
  • To improve estimation of absolute geometric scaling and synchronization parameters under challenging acoustic conditions.

Main Methods:

  • A two-step approach: initial relative geometry estimation via Direction of Arrival (DoA) and subsequent absolute scale/synchronization estimation using Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA).
  • Proposed Weighted Least Squares (WLS) estimator for heteroscedastic TDoA measurements.
  • Introduced an iterative reweighing algorithm with binary weights for outlier detection and rejection in TDoA data.

Main Results:

  • Significant improvements in relative scaling error compared to state-of-the-art methods.
  • Enhanced accuracy in estimating synchronization parameters, measured by mean absolute value.
  • Demonstrated robustness in reverberant conditions with non-normally distributed and outlier-prone TDoA measurements.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed WLS estimator and iterative reweighing algorithm effectively enhance the accuracy and robustness of distributed microphone array calibration and synchronization.
  • These methods provide a significant advancement for passive acoustic array processing in challenging reverberant environments.