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Star Image Registration Modeling and Parameter Calibration for a 3CMOS Star Sensor.

Yanzhao Niu¹, Xinguo Wei¹, Jian Li¹

¹Key Laboratory of Precision Opto-Mechatronics Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Rd., Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|January 11, 2024

Summary

This study introduces a new image registration method for star sensors with three CMOS detectors. The technique precisely aligns red, green, and blue star images, ensuring accurate data for subsequent analysis.

Keywords:

imaging modeling parameter calibration star image registration star sensor

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Area of Science:

Astrophysics and Space Instrumentation
Image Processing and Computer Vision

Background:

Star sensors are crucial for spacecraft attitude determination.
Multi-channel detectors (e.g., three CMOS) offer enhanced imaging capabilities but require precise image registration.
Inconsistent imaging parameters across channels can lead to feature point displacement, impacting data accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate an image registration method for a three-CMOS detector star sensor.
To address the challenge of aligning red, green, and blue channel star images.
To ensure high precision in star image fusion and centroid extraction.

Main Methods:

Theoretical analysis of inconsistent three-channel imaging parameters on feature point positions.
Establishment of a registration model to transform red and blue channel images to the green channel coordinate system.
Parameter estimation using a nonlinear least-squares solution.

Main Results:

Experimental validation confirming the theoretical analysis.
Demonstration of the proposed registration method's effectiveness.
Achievement of sub-pixel alignment accuracy in both x and y directions.

Conclusions:

The developed image registration method accurately aligns multi-channel star images from CMOS detectors.
Sub-pixel accuracy ensures the reliability of subsequent star sensor operations.
This technique is vital for enhancing the performance of 3CMOS star sensors.