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Related Concept Videos

Beams with Symmetric Loadings01:15

Beams with Symmetric Loadings

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The moment-area method is an analytical tool used in structural engineering to determine the slope and deflection of beams under various loads. Consider a cantilever with a concentrated load and moment at the free end. The first step is constructing a free-body diagram to calculate the reactions at the fixed end. Next, the bending moment diagram is plotted to visualize how the bending moment varies along the beam's length, focusing on points where the bending moment equals zero.
The M/EI...
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Beams with Unsymmetric Loadings01:17

Beams with Unsymmetric Loadings

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Analyzing a supported beam under unsymmetrical loadings is essential in structural engineering to understand how beams respond to varied force distributions. This analysis involves calculating the deflection and identifying points where the slope of the beam is zero, which are crucial for ensuring structural stability and functionality.
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Deflection of a Beam01:19

Deflection of a Beam

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Accurately determining beam deflection and slope under various loading conditions in structural engineering is crucial for ensuring safety and structural integrity. Singularity functions offer a streamlined approach to analyzing beams, especially when multiple loading functions complicate the bending moment equation.
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Shear on the Horizontal Face of a Beam Element01:16

Shear on the Horizontal Face of a Beam Element

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To understand shear on the flat side of a prismatic beam element, consider the vertical and horizontal shearing forces, and the normal forces, acting on the element. The element's upper (U) and lower (L) sections, which are divided by the beam's neutral axis, are examined. The equilibrium of these forces is determined by applying the equilibrium equation, which helps identify the horizontal shearing force. This force is directly related to the bending moments and the cross-section's...
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Beams01:30

Beams

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Beams are integral components of structural engineering and construction, designed to support loads applied at various points along their length. These long, straight members can be classified based on geometry, cross-section, support type, and equilibrium condition.
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Impact Loading on a Cantilever Beam01:13

Impact Loading on a Cantilever Beam

396
The analysis of a cantilever beam with a circular cross-section subjected to impact loading at its free end illustrates the conversion of potential energy from a dropped object into kinetic energy, which is then absorbed by the beam as strain energy. This process is crucial for understanding how materials behave under dynamic loads, which is important in fields such as construction and aerospace.
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Joint Active and Passive Beamforming in RIS-Assisted Secure ISAC Systems.

Jinsong Chen1, Kai Wu2, Jinping Niu1

  • 1School of Information Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces interference signals and reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) to secure integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) systems against eavesdroppers. The joint optimization of beamforming enhances both communication and sensing performance while maximizing secrecy rates.

Keywords:
integrated sensing and communications (ISAC)physical-layer secrecyreconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS)

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Area of Science:

  • Wireless communication systems
  • Signal processing
  • Information security

Background:

  • Integrated Sensing and Communications (ISAC) systems face security challenges from eavesdroppers.
  • Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) offer a novel approach to manipulate wireless environments.
  • Physical-layer security is crucial for protecting sensitive information in ISAC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate joint beamforming strategies for secure ISAC systems enhanced by RIS.
  • To maximize the achievable secrecy rate and radiation power in the presence of eavesdroppers.
  • To enhance both communication and sensing capabilities within the ISAC framework.

Main Methods:

  • Joint optimization of base station (BS) active beamformer and RIS passive beamforming matrix.
  • Development of an effective scheme using fractional programming (FP) and semi-definite programming (SDP) for BS beamforming.
  • Utilization of a local search technique to determine the RIS phase shift matrix.

Main Results:

  • The proposed methods effectively enhance both communication and sensing performance in the ISAC system.
  • Introduction of interference signals and RIS significantly improves physical-layer secrecy.
  • Achieved maximization of the achievable secrecy rate and radiation power through joint optimization.

Conclusions:

  • Joint beamforming with RIS and interference signals is a viable strategy for secure ISAC systems.
  • The developed optimization techniques are effective in improving system performance and security.
  • RIS and interference signals play a critical role in mitigating eavesdropping threats in ISAC.