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Investigation of Protein Recruitment to DNA Lesions Using 405 Nm Laser Micro-irradiation

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Published on: March 20, 2018

Chromatin Organization after High-LET Irradiation Revealed by Super-Resolution STED Microscopy.

Benjamin Schwarz¹, Nicole Matejka¹, Sarah Rudigkeit¹

¹Section Biomedical Radiation Physics, Institute for Applied Physics and Measurement Technology, Department for Aerospace Engineering, Universität der Bundeswehr München, 85577 Neubiberg, Germany.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

|January 11, 2024

Summary

DNA double-strand breaks from ion radiation are repaired in decondensed DNA loops within the perichromatin. Key DNA repair proteins like 53BP1 and γH2AX support chromatin structure during this process.

Keywords:

DNA repair chromatin organization interchromatin perichromatin super-resolution microscopy

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Evaluation of the Spatial Distribution of γH2AX following Ionizing Radiation

Evaluation of the Spatial Distribution of γH2AX following Ionizing Radiation

Published on: August 7, 2010

Area of Science:

Cellular Biology
Molecular Biology
Radiation Biology

Background:

Ionizing radiation induces DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), a major source of cellular damage.
The efficiency of DNA repair is critically dependent on the interaction between DNA damage sites and the surrounding chromatin structure.
Chromatin is organized into distinct compartments: chromatin territories, the interchromatin compartment, and the perichromatin.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the spatial organization of DNA repair factors relative to chromatin compartments after carbon-ion irradiation.
To elucidate the precise location of DNA double-strand break repair within the nucleus.

Main Methods:

Super-resolution STED microscopy was employed to analyze human HeLa cells exposed to carbon-ion radiation.
Correlation analysis was performed on chromatin, the interchromatin marker SC35, and DNA repair factors (53BP1, Rad51, γH2AX).

Main Results:

Chromatin and the interchromatin compartment showed limited overlap, primarily at chromatin branches.
A significant gap (270 ± 40 nm) was observed between the interchromatin compartment and the DNA repair factor 53BP1.
Rad51 localized to decondensed euchromatic regions at heterochromatin borders, correlating with γH2AX, suggesting repair occurs in these areas.

Conclusions:

DNA double-strand break repair predominantly occurs in decondensed DNA loops within the perichromatin, situated at the periphery of heterochromatin-rich compartments.
Proteins such as γH2AX and 53BP1 play a role in supporting the chromatin architecture during the DNA repair process.