Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Integrated Photoacoustic Ophthalmoscopy and Spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomography
Published on: January 15, 2013
Implementing integrated care in ophthalmology: a community case study
Eleni Nikita1, Richard Allen1, Hussein Khambati1
1Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
Introduction:
In 2017, in a context of financial and patient care challenges, Moorfields Eye Hospital in the borough of Croydon launched the first Ophthalmology Integrated Care Contract in the United Kingdom.
Description:
A realistic, systematic approach is presented for an efficient implementation of an integrated care ophthalmology contract under a lead provider. The main elements of the new contract are portrayed.
Discussion:
A new healthcare contract that would lead to system-wide transformation requires significant time commitment, vision, shared narrative, leadership, multi-functional working culture, shared accountability of all participating parties and education and support of all parties involved. Key levers to elevate the quality of care are collaborative relationships between health professionals, investing in information and technology and facilitating bottom-up innovation.
Conclusion:
System-wide changes such, as integrated care contracts are possible, although the interplay between context, design and implementation is more complex than expected.
Related Concept Videos
Integrated Healthcare System
Interdisciplinary Care: The Health Care Team-II
Physical Therapist
A physical therapist (PT) aims to restore function or prevent additional impairment in a patient following an injury or disease. Massage, heat, cold, water, sonar waves, exercises, and electrical stimulation are some treatments used by PTs to treat...
Interdisciplinary Care: The Health Care Team-I
Physicians
The physician's primary responsibility is to diagnose illness and direct the medical or surgical treatment of the condition. The authority to admit patients to a healthcare agency or institution and practice care within that setting is granted to physicians by the healthcare agency or institution...
Methods of Documentation VI: Case Management Model
For example, a patient with a chronic...
Secondary Healthcare System
Nursing Clinical Information System
A Nursing Clinical Information System (NCIS) is a specialized type of healthcare information system tailored to meet the unique needs of nursing practice. It incorporates the principles of nursing informatics to streamline information management and improve the quality of care delivery.
Critical attributes of NCIS include:

