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Environmental problem shifting from climate change mitigation: A mapping review.

Oskar Wood Hansen1, Jeroen van den Bergh1,2,3

  • 1Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, UAB Campus, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.

PNAS Nexus
|January 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Climate change mitigation efforts can unintentionally create new environmental problems, known as environmental problem shifting (EPS). Policymakers must design strategies to minimize these unintended consequences across various environmental dimensions.

Keywords:
SDGsenvironmental policynexusplanetary boundariessustainability

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Climate Change Studies
  • Sustainability Research

Background:

  • Climate change mitigation strategies can lead to unintended environmental consequences.
  • Existing research on these consequences, termed environmental problem shifting (EPS), is fragmented across disciplines and uses varied terminology.
  • A comprehensive understanding of EPS is crucial for effective climate policy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview and systematic mapping of environmental problem shifting (EPS) in climate change mitigation.
  • To identify and categorize the types of mitigation options and resulting environmental impacts.
  • To propose conceptual clarifications for estimating EPS and inform policy design.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review and mapping of 506 studies on EPS.
  • Categorization of mitigation options and environmental impacts.
  • Conceptual analysis to distinguish between gross, net, and relative EPS estimation.

Main Results:

  • Identified 128 distinct environmental problem shifts from 22 mitigation categories to 10 environmental impacts.
  • Found that EPS literature does not cover all mitigation options and may overestimate impacts.
  • Proposed a conceptual framework distinguishing gross, net, and relative EPS.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental problem shifting is a ubiquitous challenge in climate change mitigation.
  • Policy design must proactively address and minimize EPS to ensure holistic sustainability.
  • Regulating mitigation options and implementing complementary environmental policies are key strategies.