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Physical pain at the start of substance use disorder (SUD) treatment increases dropout rates. Integrating pain management into SUD treatment is crucial for improving patient outcomes and reducing early treatment cessation.

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Area of Science:

  • Addiction Medicine
  • Pain Management
  • Mental Health

Background:

  • Substance use disorders (SUDs) are complex conditions often co-occurring with physical pain.
  • High dropout rates from residential treatment for SUDs represent a significant challenge in addiction care.
  • The influence of pain on treatment adherence and outcomes in SUD populations requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between physical pain experienced at treatment entry and subsequent dropout from residential SUD treatment.
  • To investigate whether pain intensity and endorsement predict treatment dropout.
  • To explore potential exacerbation of these effects among individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD).

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 1,095 individuals undergoing residential SUD treatment was analyzed.
  • Data on pain endorsement and intensity were collected within 24 hours of admission.
  • Logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between pain and treatment dropout, controlling for covariates and OUD status.

Main Results:

  • Pain endorsement was significantly associated with a higher frequency of treatment dropout (OR = 1.49, p = .04).
  • Increased pain intensity also predicted higher rates of dropout (OR = 1.13, p < .01).
  • No significant interaction was found between opioid use disorder status and the impact of pain on dropout.

Conclusions:

  • Physical pain at treatment entry is a significant predictor of early dropout in residential SUD treatment.
  • Integrating pain assessment and management into SUD treatment protocols is essential for improving retention and outcomes.
  • These findings highlight the critical role of addressing pain as a core component of comprehensive addiction care.