Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Carfilzomib Induces Cardiotoxicity by Blocking Autophagic Flux Through the cGAS-STING Signaling Pathway.

Biomolecules·2026

Same author

Effect of 6-Month High-Impact and Resistance Exercise on Regional Strength and BMD of Spine: A Clinical Trial Combined with a Finite-Element Study.

Annals of biomedical engineering·2026

Same author

Dual-axis myelination covariance drives the functional connectivity emergence during infancy.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

Study on Pitting Corrosion Simulation of Steel Plates Based on Cellular Automaton-Finite Element Coupling.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same author

Data-driven subtyping of early Parkinson's disease via mutual cross-attention fusion of EEG and dual-task gait features.

NPJ Parkinson's disease·2026

Same author

An Automated Classifier of Harmful Brain Activities for Clinical Usage Based on a Vision-Inspired Pre-trained Framework.

NPJ digital medicine·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Measuring and Manipulating Functionally Specific Neural Pathways in the Human Motor System with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Measuring and Manipulating Functionally Specific Neural Pathways in the Human Motor System with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Published on: February 23, 2020

cTBS over primary motor cortex increased contralateral corticomuscular coupling and interhemispheric functional

Rui Xu¹, Haichao Zhang¹, Shizhong Liu^1,2

¹Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China.

Journal of Neural Engineering

|January 11, 2024

Summary

Contralesional continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) enhances brain connectivity. This non-invasive technique improves cortico-muscular and cortico-cortical coupling, offering potential for stroke motor recovery by strengthening neural pathways.

Keywords:

continuous theta burst stimulation cortico-cortical coherence cortico-muscular coherence transcranial magnetic stimulation

More Related Videos

The Use of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy as a Tool for the Measurement of Bi-hemispheric Transcranial Electric Stimulation Effects on Primary Motor Cortex Metabolism

The Use of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy as a Tool for the Measurement of Bi-hemispheric Transcranial Electric Stimulation Effects on Primary Motor Cortex Metabolism

Published on: November 19, 2014

Effects of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation on the Primary Motor Cortex by Online Combined Approach with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Effects of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation on the Primary Motor Cortex by Online Combined Approach with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Published on: September 23, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Measuring and Manipulating Functionally Specific Neural Pathways in the Human Motor System with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Measuring and Manipulating Functionally Specific Neural Pathways in the Human Motor System with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Published on: February 23, 2020

The Use of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy as a Tool for the Measurement of Bi-hemispheric Transcranial Electric Stimulation Effects on Primary Motor Cortex Metabolism

The Use of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy as a Tool for the Measurement of Bi-hemispheric Transcranial Electric Stimulation Effects on Primary Motor Cortex Metabolism

Published on: November 19, 2014

Effects of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation on the Primary Motor Cortex by Online Combined Approach with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Effects of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation on the Primary Motor Cortex by Online Combined Approach with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Published on: September 23, 2017

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Rehabilitation Medicine
Brain Stimulation

Background:

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique.
Contralesional continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) shows promise for stroke motor recovery, but its mechanisms are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the underlying neural mechanisms of cTBS in healthy subjects.
To examine the effects of cTBS on cortico-muscular coherence (CMC) and cortico-cortical coherence (CCC).

Main Methods:

20 healthy right-handed subjects received real or sham cTBS over the left primary motor cortex.
Finger tapping and pinching tasks were performed before and after stimulation.
Electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG) recorded neural signals to calculate CMC and CCC.

Main Results:

Real cTBS significantly increased CMC in the beta band and CCC in the alpha and beta bands.
Finger tapping reaction time showed a significant main effect of 'time'.
Sham cTBS did not produce significant changes in CMC or CCC.

Conclusions:

cTBS enhances cortico-muscular and cortico-cortical coupling.
These findings suggest that cTBS strengthens neural connectivity, potentially explaining its benefits in motor recovery.