Simulation analysis of high-throughput oyster cryopreservation at three scales of production

Cryopreservation and germplasm repositories offer a variety of potential benefits to aquaculture industries. Despite this, no comprehensive repository systems exist for any prominent aquaculture species. A species that could greatly benefit from the use of cryopreserved sperm and repository storage is the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica. High-throughput cryopreservation protocols already exist for this species, and the easy transport of frozen sperm could facilitate selective breeding programs that address pressing challenges currently faced in the industry, such as mortality due to low-salinity conditions. This study addressed the gap between cryopreservation protocols and repository development in the oyster industry by creating simulation models to evaluate cryopreservation needs at three different scales of production. The effects of high-throughput device options and three key parameters (straws per oyster, batch size, and number of operators) on production capacity, time, and cost were evaluated. Recommendations for decisions concerning cryopreservation pathways and repository creation were given at each scale of production. Relative values of broodstock, juvenile oysters, and oyster sperm sold at hatcheries were also discussed. In general, repositories operating at higher production levels benefited from the economy of scale, could use automated high-throughput equipment options, and could hire more labor without drastically increasing production costs.