Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Generation of Escape Variants of Neutralizing Influenza Virus Monoclonal Antibodies
Published on: August 29, 2017
Humoral immune escape by current SARS-CoV-2 variants BA.2.86 and JN.1, December 2023
Lara M Jeworowski1,2, Barbara Mühlemann1,3,2, Felix Walper1
1Institute of Virology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
Abstract:
Variant BA.2.86 and its descendant, JN.1, of SARS-CoV-2 are rising in incidence across Europe and globally. We isolated recent JN.1, BA.2.86, EG.5, XBB.1.5 and earlier variants. We tested live virus neutralisation of sera taken in September 2023 from vaccinated and exposed healthy persons (n = 39). We found clear neutralisation escape against recent variants but no specific pronounced escape for BA.2.86 or JN.1. Neutralisation escape corresponds to recent variant predominance but may not be causative of the recent upsurge in JN.1 incidence.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Humoral Immune Responses
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
Conjugated Proteins
Nucleoproteins are protein complexes that contain nucleic acids, categorized as deoxyribonucleoproteins (DNPs) or ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) respectively. The nucleosome is a typical example of a DNP where nuclear DNA is associated with histone proteins. The major antigen for the Covid-19 virus SARS-CoV is an RNP that is critical...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses
Diversity of Antigen Receptors
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...

