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Magnetoactive Millirobots with Ternary Phase Transition.

Huangsan Wei1, Bonan Sun1, Shengyuan Zhang1

  • 1State Key Lab for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|January 12, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel magnetoactive millirobot capable of switching between liquid, solid, and viscous states. This phase transition allows for enhanced control, mobility, and shape-shifting for applications in complex environments.

Keywords:
magnetic navigationmillirobotmultifunctionphase transitionsoft materials

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Robotics
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Magnetoactive soft millirobots offer programmable deformation and untethered manipulation.
  • Existing solid-phase millirobots have limited deformability, while liquid-phase ones lack stiffness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a ternary-state magnetoactive millirobot with tunable properties.
  • To overcome the limitations of existing solid and liquid-phase millirobots.

Main Methods:

  • A phase transitional polymer embedded with magnetic nanoparticles was utilized.
  • Reversible phase transitions (liquid, solid, viscous-fluid) were induced via heating and cooling.
  • The millirobot's properties and functionalities were evaluated across different phases.

Main Results:

  • The millirobot demonstrated reversible transitions between liquid, solid, and viscous-fluid states.
  • Each phase exhibited distinct characteristics: liquid for elastic deformation and mobility, viscous-fluid for ductility, and solid for shape stability and locomotion.
  • The millirobot achieved stiffness change and shape reconfiguration through phase transition.

Conclusions:

  • The ternary-state magnetoactive millirobot offers enhanced capabilities for navigation in complex terrains and potential applications in 3D circuit connection and simulated medical treatments.
  • This innovation opens new avenues for magnetoactive robots in flexible electronics and biomedicine.